Morning Lesson June 11, 2023

Transcription is made from simultaneous translation, which leaves a possibility for differences in the audio.

Part 2:

Baal HaSulam. Preface to the Wisdom of Kabbalah. #85

Reading item #85 (00:16 - 04:13)

1. S. (04:29) How did it happen there was an ascent of phase four that was, in somehow, restricted and then came down from Nikvey Eynaim (NE) to Peh and then after that the shattering occurred, how can a record?

R. In Nikvey Eynaim?

S. Yes, that afterwards, caused the shattering, how could that happen?

R. They don't want to use vessels of reception, and therefore decide that we are not touching vessels of reception, this is called ‘using only vessels of bestowal’, which are Keter and Hochma, and the GAR of Bina. And we use only them and then everything is fine, there cannot be a breaking, there can’t be any problems because they’re vessels of bestowal, the will to receive in them is very small; on this will to receive there's a force of the screen to maintain this desire to not let the upper one, the upper light, spread in it, expand in it. It’s a beautiful thing, it is good, this state is called “infancy” or Katnut. We also say to little children, in ourselves when we have no powers, so we kind of organize ourselves in the most convenient way, comfortable way. Okay, then comes a bigger desire because there are records, they are memories, all kinds of reasons, how to use bigger vessels.

And then we awaken bigger vessels of reception, ‘maybe I can use them’, I begin to check with what I will gain, with what I will succeed, what I can do from the perspective of bestowal because we're talking about vessels of bestowal. And I see that by being able to use vessels of reception in order to bestow, let's say as a guest to the Host, then I can really come to great bestowal, to identification, to equivalence, greater equivalence of the form with the Host. And that is what I do or I can't, and then I remain in Katnut, in smallness, where I use only as much as I can of the vessels of bestowal and the vessels of reception are restricted.

S. But what will promise that this phase four that ascents will really be in order to bestow?

R. I need to prepare myself for that, yes, when I prepare myself I am certain that I will do the right calculation and I won't enter in order to receive. Even though, as we know and soon we will learn it again, my calculation is not the right calculation and I pulled the lights that I couldn't get in order to bestow and this is why my vessels broke, and I will have to correct the vessels and then to receive lights in them.

S. It is as if there was a decision on behalf of the system, and except for that decision, that they are not receiving in order to receive, that is a decision of the second restriction, that we don't receive even in order to bestow?

R. This stems out of lack of the screen.

S. Good, and then the next action there’s coupling on phase four in Gadlut.

R. Yes.

S. In order to receive?

R. In order to bestow.

S. So it is an opposite action that contradicts the previous one?

R. No, because in the previous action they didn't have the knowledge that they can receive in order to bestow in Behina Dalet, in the fourth phase; now they seemingly do have this knowledge, that they can receive in the fourth phase.

S. Okay, so, this knowledge, how did that come to be?

R. The Creator confused them!

S. So that's it, that's what is really felt.

R. That's the way it is.

S. But we are speaking about the system?

R. System., so what?

S. in the language of the system, what happened here?

R. In the language of the system, just like a name system, even most modern systems, you have a mistake, you have an error, this is what happens.

S. No, really that's what happened?

R. I am talking seriously: in order to scrutinize for the lower ones what their nature is, where they are and how they can perform a real correction, we have to show them the will to receive in the worst way so that they will know how to work with it.

S. Can I ask?

R. Ask it differently.

S. Okay, I’ll ask differently, we are saying that all of reality can be learned from the four phases of direct lights?

R. Well, as much as I know all of reality, but yes.

S. Where can we see an example of this mistake in the four phases, do we even see an example of this in the preparation of the four phases?

R. The work of the will to receive with the will to bestow incorporates in it all the connections between the will to receive and the will to bestow, in all the degrees, and in all the measures. This is why the fact that the shattering in the vessels occurred and we need to correct it; well then, certainly inside that, there is already the preparation for these scrutinies we have to understand them, we have to feel them and in order to correct them to elevate ourselves upwards.

S. Is it possible to make, to compare the Zivug in Gadlut to the four phases of direct light, to one of the stages in the four phases?

R. No, we examine the four phases of direct light in all the actions. All in all, we're all connected to the first action in the worlds, that is the restriction, but we don't have anything more to do.

S. Is there any principle that was there in four phases that allowed this mistake, supposedly?

R. No, because that is the calculation of the vessel that I can receive in order to bestow. So there is a question here: why did this mistake happen to them when they thought they could receive in order to bestow that they are capable of performing the final correction now.

S. Supposedly this mistake happened in phase four, too.

R. Yes phase four is awakening now, it's not the shattering in the Katnut, it's in the Gadlut.

S. So in the four phases of direct light, this mistake happened in phase four?

R. No, there was no mistake there, where, in the four phases of direct light?

S. Yes, that she received, she thought she could receive in order to bestow, or maybe it's not right, I don't want to confuse. She thought she could receive an order to bestow and then she saw she's opposite then there’s the shame and the restriction?

R. Well, we can say, yes.

S. And in Nekudim in Gadlut she also thought she could receive in order to bestow.

R. Well?

S. And the shattering of the vessels happened?

R. Right?

S. Is there a connection?

R. There is no connection, she didn't see now, here, in the world of Nekudim that it enters a mistake, she didn't see it; and to begin with, that is how it was built, meaning the whole system that is built up until this point was built for this mistake.

S. How to understand this?

R. Very simple, just like how you want to teach your child something, you prepare things for him that he may be mistaken and learn from it, and make another mistake and learn from them.

S. Yes but the system has to exist in this perfect, these laws; so how did the laws sway away and make this mistake happen, what kind of law in the system allowed this mistake just to happen?

R. In the system there's the will to bestow and the will to receive, and if you don't see in advance what can happen, what can emerge from the combination between the two, it seems as if there is a mistake. But there's not a mistake, it's not even a shattering, it is a deeper scrutiny within the nature of the created being, how much he requires additional connection of the opposite desires, inside it, in order to demand correction. When the created being, himself, starts elevating MAN, seeing what it's missing in order to be adhesion with the Creator, overall those discernments of reception that are now revealed.

2. S. (16:19) To continue the previous student, in the beginning of item eighty-four, when he was speaking about the light of AB SAG, he says that “the Partzuf has nothing to do with the second restrictions so phase four raised to Nikvey Eynaim and annulled the second restriction”. So how can I understand that Partzuf AB doesn't know about the second restriction?

R. It doesn't have these limitations.

S. So, the second restriction is that you cannot receive in order to bestow, so ‘it's a law in Jerusalem or not in Tel Aviv’, how can we understand this?

R. I'm thinking about something else, the second restriction is where we are not allowed to use vessels of reception in order to bestow, we can’t; however, using in order to bestow in vessels of bestowal, we are allowed, that's Katnut, so what are you asking?

S. When Partzuf AB, it annuls the second restriction, how can it annul the second restriction, who is even in control of this process?

R. The one who is in control of this process is the upper one.

S. But in a systematic way, with say that everything is decided in the Rosh of SAG?

R. That's true.

S. So what does it mean that AB annuls the second restriction, how to understand this?

R. It returns everything to the first restriction so that if he has the vessels that can receive in order to bestow, you can work with them.

S. A moment ago there was a decision on the second restriction so why is that suddenly canceled?

R. Because they have a notion of the possibility to cancel the second restriction, you can work with the vessels of reception in order to bestow as well.

S. How can I understand all this cascading, like a new information comes to the system, a new attempt to bestow?

R. Every time new vessels are revealed and a combination between the vessels, and the upper life is up there ready to be cascaded in the vessels that are ready to receive it.

S. So what happened when this mistake happened, wrong information came?

R. When in the Rosh of the SAG, there was a notion about the lack of vessels of bestowal, this is why they went for Gadlut, adulthood of the fourth phase, that is truly the mistake is in the vessels of SAG. That's why what we add later in the correction of the creation, is that we add vessels of bestowal.

S. When do we relate to the system that it’s perfect with no mistakes and with all the mistakes?

R. All the way until the final correction, until the final correction there's still an ability to make mistakes.

S. I’ll give an example, I hope it's okay, but sometimes we say that there were exiles and why can’t another one happen and you say, “no, it can happen anymore”.

R. On account of what am I saying?

S. I'm asking, what do you know?

R. Read in the books, now too, we are in exile, or how is our state, we are in exile

S. But we’re saying we’re in the final correction, there's no need for another exile.

R. We are not yet in the final correction, we are not in the correction yet, we are not in the receiving in order to bestow.

S. I meant after we perform this correction, maybe another shattering, maybe the system will need to, and you’ve answered many times that, “no”?

R. There cannot be because there's nothing to break. Anymore.

S. So, that's what I'm asking, you say it can’t be, but we read about something and also there was I'm saying so I'm trying to understand?

R. That's a purposeful mistake so there will be an ability to receive in order to bestow in all the vessels of Bina; however, after that when this is corrected, it's a mistake in order to be correct it so there are no more vessels, theoretically, there are no more vessels that can break.

3. S. (21:50) Is it right that we are even calling this a mistake because in the books, it doesn't say ‘a mistake’, it says it's a ‘sin’, “that the righteous will always sin”, and it can also mean that sin come from the word, “to miss” in Hebrew, that he aims, and he wants to and he misses.

R. Of course this was planned by the Creator for the shattering to occur in the exile and the long corrections until the final correction.

S. And also the second restriction, supposedly is a real restriction because after the first restriction, suddenly it was revealed the places where he could bestow.

R. No, the second restriction is not that an ability is revealed to bestow, a restriction is a restriction, it is when it can not work even in vessels. You have a complete restriction, Tzimtzum, the second restriction and the first restriction, the second restriction is when you cannot work in the vessel of bestowal and the first restriction is when you cannot work in the vessel of reception.

S. Okay, that's my mistake, can we stop saying about mistake, about the sin, because it's incorrect?

R. But it's also called a sin, so what do we call it?

S. “Sin”, from the word LeHachti [Hebrew for sin], that he misses, he tried to do something right but he missed it, it’s not that on purpose he did something bad, he wanted to do something right and he discovered that he wasn’t aimed correctly, and that does aim him?

R. You can call it this way, and it's right, in this way you will learn from all these sins.

4. S. (23:52) Why was there a second restriction, what was the purpose?

R. The second restriction is a very important restriction because there was a difference, a difference, a distance between the working with the vessels of bestowal and working with the vessels of reception; and, how can you mingle the two and bring them to one goal? Without the second restriction we couldn't reach the complete correction.

S. So what is he correct in the second restriction”

R The second restriction gives us the knowledge, the ability to work with Bina over the entire Malchut.

S. And what was restricted there in the second restriction?

R. What was restricted was the will to bestow, when we see it is incapable of working on the entire will to receive.

S. And the purpose is to guard it?

R. The first restriction is the restriction for Malchut, and the second restriction is, seemingly, the restriction of Bina.

S. And it restricts itself in order to keep it?

R. According to the Malchut.

S. To guard it, is that corruption that will not come?

R. Yes.

S. And this purpose, from now onward, it exists to make sure that a corruption will not come?

R. Yes, it exists.

S. So how does it annul suddenly?

R. The second restriction?

S. Yes?

R. It’s only annulled for you to guard it, the second restriction is when you're not allowed to use the vessels of bestowal in order to bestow. The first section is you cannot use the vessels of reception to bestow, and the second restriction is when you cannot use the vessels of bestowal to bestow, so when you can, it's open.

S. When it's possible it's open?

R. Yes, the second restriction is canceled.

S. And when is it possible?

R. When the vessel can keep its conditions.

S. What does that mean?

R. That you are not allowed to use the vessels of bestowal in order to receive, only in order to bestow.

5. S. (26:38) I have an impression that the will to receive always remains the will to receive.

R. Right.

S. That, okay, ‘I’ll bestow in order to receive, I’ll make these changes in order to receive”, so he doesn’t really change?

R. The will receive, cannot change.

S. So what is the refinement, what will happen?

R. Screens, when it works in order to bestow, they change, they are refined, they lose their force of bestowal but it's not the will to receive, itself, the will to receive the Creator created it, and it remains this way as is until the end of creation.

S. So we will constantly feel this ourselves, in ourselves?

R. Until we rise above it.

S. Above what?

R. The will to receive it, and then we won’t feel any heaviness from it, this Pharaoh will not be in control of us anymore.

S. So that's receiving in order to bestow?

R. Yes.

6. S. (28:02) Is the shattering the division of the records between coarseness and clothing in every part of the desire?

R. The shattering makes the sorting out between the records, what is this sorting the records, we will soon learn that.

7. S. (28:32) Can I ask a technical question: the first restriction gives birth to the Tabur, this thing that separates Partzuf, can I say that?

R. Well, continue.

S. The second restriction gives birth to the Parsa and then divides that area below the Tabur, that's the second restriction?

R. You can say it divides in the Chazeh.

S. Yes, Chazeh, right, that’s what the first and second restriction mean?

R. I don't know what you mean?

S. I'm just asking a technical question: when you say the first restriction, it causes a certain separation between the Tabur, there's a top part and a bottom part?

R. Okay?

S. And, also another question, he says something about “the low Hei of Nikvey Eynaim that goes below”, what is that?

R. The lower five, the lower Hei, that's Malchut.

8. S. (29:53) He divides the ten Sephirot when he wrote her the ten Sephirot of Rosh and Ten Sephirot of Guf, and Galgalta ve Eynaim (GE) and AHP; according to what I understand so they shattering happens because the Guf wanted to perform the same action that the Rosh did?

R. No, no, the shattering is when the vessels of bestowal were used like vessels of perception.

S. Before that we learned?

R. Rosh is Rosh, you can’t, instead of the Rosh, take a part of the body to function like the head, like the Rosh.

S. Okay, I’ll try to ask in a different way: before we learn that the AHP of the upper one, Galgalta ve Eynaim (GE) of the lower one and the AHP of the upper one. Right?

R. Yes?

S. So what cause the shattering was that the top third of Tifferet, Galgalta ve Eynaim of the lower one that is in the upper one, actually drew the vessels of reception from the Guf, and that’s where the shattering took place, I don’t know if I explained it right?

R. No, no, I don't understand what you are asking, and actually such a thing didn’t occur.

S. Why was the lower Hei restricted?

R. Because you're not allowed to use a lower Hei, that’s Behina Dalet.

S. But that's what caused the shattering?

R. Right, that’s why there was a shattering because it's been used.

S. So why didn't the upper one know that there’s a lower Hei restricted there?

R. The upper one?

S. The upper one that drew the light, why didn’t it know it was going to do an action that was going to receive in order to receive and this reception was there?

R. That's something we will learn, yes, they thought they were going for Katnut and Gadlut, they thought that they were also allowed. We will learn this, this is the shattering, it belongs to O’lam Shuruk Hirik, and what happens there.

9. S. (33:05) In the last part he’s saying that, “each lower degree includes the vessels of the posterior of the upper one”. I wanted to know if you could explain how the system works at that point?

R. I don't know what you are asking, repeat please?

S. It says that every lower degree includes the vessels of the posterior of the upper one in it.

R. Yes, what's the question?

S. He’s asking what it means, how does it work?

R. Simply from having the second restriction and every degree was divided into two halves, we can be in the upper half of the degree or on the whole degree, that's Katnut and Gadlut [childhood or adulthood] nothing more than that.

10. S. (34:35) You said that the second restriction is the prohibition to receive in order to bestow, so how can we reach such a state with this limitation if this is valid?

R. Receiving in order to bestow is called “working with the vessels of reception”, so what is the question? What limitation are you talking about, that you cannot receive in order to bestow, only bestowing in order to bestow is possible.

S. So how can a person come to that if there's this limitation in the system to begin with?

R. This limitation exists since there is the second restriction, once there's a provision to use the vessels of reception.

S. To bestow as well?

R. Of course in order to bestow, in order to receive, no one even talks about that.

S. So how can a person come to that if there's this limitation in the system, how can a person reach that?

R. How can a person correct themselves, that comes from the bestowal of the upper light, through the bestowal of the upper light. When he wants to connect to his friends and he wants them to have the common vessel, and once they connect together in the common vessel, they awaken the bestowal of the upper light upon it, and then they receive a vessel which is reception in order to bestow, however, that's above himself.

S. Above himself means above each one as an individual or as a group?

R. Both, each one wants to be in order to bestow, however in the mutual connection between them they connect all their personal yearnings and in the common yearning they start to receive the upper light.

S. Who are they receiving the upper light for?

R. In order to give contentment to the Creator.

S. Meaning, it is as if they're in the Creator at that moment?

R. If they give it to the Creator so they're in the Creator and that's called adhesion.

S. Is that called ‘correcting the second restriction’?

R. Let's say that's what it's called.

11. S. (38:31) It says here in the article that “because of Nikvey Eynaim and the second restriction, there will be; let’s say, “a descent of AHP below the Rosh”, and later on it says that “it will be brought back into place”, the AHP, what does that mean; first lowered and then latter on it brought back in its place, the AHP?

R. That's the screen, that either descents or ascents and by that, puts a certain vessel into the action outside or outside of the action.

12. S. (39:35) Can we say that the second restriction clothes over the first restriction and the vessels of bestowal start receiving?

R. The vessels of bestowal can’t receive, there’s not enough coarseness for that?

S. But what you explain to us, in the second restriction we cannot bestow and in the first restriction we cannot receive, and when they mingle then the vessels of bestowal seemingly?

R. I don't know what you are imagining to yourself.

13. S. (40:30) I'm trying to understand the general process: is it correct that all the Partzufim are created in Galgalta?

R. Yes.

S. So it turns out that the challenge is to correct the entire Galgalta, do I try to understand this correctly? That there’s a place in the lower third where the light cannot come and if we can’t correct it, we make a new Partzufim?

R. Think this for now, that's okay.

S. So my question is there some place where the light starts entering below the Tabur and this place of Nekudot of SAG where the sparks start coming below the Tabur?

R. Yes.

14. S. (41:32) I'm also not certain if I'm asking correctly: when we raise MAN, it rises to Aba ve Ima (AVI), and then there’s a coupling, can we feel this coupling?

R. Yes, we will speak about that later, though.

15. S. (41:54) You told a student that the system can also make mistakes, so my question is this: a second restriction prior to the shattering is in the same form as it is after the shattering or does it change?

R. Ask again?

S. The second restriction that was after the shattering is the same in quality as it was before the shattering, is there a difference between the two?

R. I don’t understand, where was the second restriction?

S. The question is about the second restriction below the Tabur?

R. Okay?

S. There was the second restriction and then there was the shattering because the calculation wasn’t right, and then the system returned again to the second restriction?

R. Yes.

S. So the question is is it the same second restriction?

R. The shattering doesn't affect the second restriction, the shattering that doesn't affect the second restriction, the restriction means that you cannot use part of the vessels.

16. S. (43:15) You said this sentence that lit me up a little bit, you said that, “the will to bestow and the will to receive is to receive in order to bestow”, that what you said, you said it’s something that has all qualities and now if we can understand all these qualities. And understand what’s written here and to understand the whole system?

R. I don't understand your question.

S. You said that the will to bestow has all the qualities of the whole system we’ve learned up until now.

R. Yes?

S. When will we be able to feel what's going on here, what we are learning here, when is this complete wholeness, to be able to understand what is happening?

R. When is it possible, when you are in those degrees, before you are learning it as a remedy.

S. So, the answer is ‘when everyone is answering, no one understands what is going on here’?

R. Of course not.

S. So what are these questions and your answers about what?

R. We were in all kinds of restaurants, and afterwards we sat and we’re speaking about them and all the friends are telling us about what great soup they had there. So from then talking about it can we do any actions? No, there's receiving, the restricting, there's a refusing, and that's it, so what are you asking?

S. Now, what do you mean that it's only a remedy?

R. That we are studying this as a remedy, he writes about it, that by speaking about spiritual action and wanting to attain them. Even if we don't exactly understand what's happening there but we are really yearning, yearning to come to this, by that we will awaken upon us the surrounding light, that surrounding light works on us and brings us closer to it.

S. Until finally we understand and feel.

R. Until we feel and from the feeling, we will also understand.

S. Thank you very much!

R. Is that clear?

S. It's clear that it's not clear but thank you, feeling it, that's a story.

17. S. (46:33) Why, actually, Nekudot of SAG awakened vessels of reception, are they supposed to awaken vessels of bestowal?

R. Because they are in VAK of SAG.

S. But if I feel Nekudot of SAG, I feel Hassidim, I should have a desire for Hassidim, where does the desire for Hochma come from at all?

R. Nekudot of SAG is the part of the Partzuf that starts refining, right, and then they have a connection with the vessels of reception.

S. But there's something dormant below, sleeping, and then the light of Hassidim comes down; so let's say I'm in a restaurant and I taste the soup, so where does this great desire for a steak awaken from?

R. Depends on what vessels you are working with, what vessels you’re working with.

18. S. (47:40) I’d like to understand: the first restriction and every restriction basically tell us what's allowed and what’s forbidden.

R. Right.

S. So he says “first, in the first restriction, you are allowed to receive in order to bestow, you are not allowed to do it in order to receive”.

R. Right.

S. In the second restriction, what does he say, he says you're allowed to bestow in order to bestow.

R. Right but not to receive in order to bestow, there are no forces for it.

S. So the first restriction cancelled the second restriction completely.

R. Right, only in order to receive.

S. And the second restriction says there's an area where you can not only receive in order to bestow?

R. Correct, limits the Bina.

19. S. (48:33) How to look at the system from the perspective of the desire to give of the upper one, from the love of the upper one?

R. The upper one once with Its love to scrutinize all of our vessels, all of desires, to sort them, that we’ll understand what we’re incorporated of, how we can keep ourselves. And by that reach the final correction and the final adhesion with Him, the upper one.

20. S. (49:29) Why is the coupling between the Sephirot done in every Sephira in its constant, fixed place?

R. How should it be?

S. I'm asking why?

R. Because it's a coupling according to the information that is there, in Bina or in Malchut, or a certain intensity that is there, yes.

S. Why in the Rosh there is no shattering but only the cancellation of the Rosh?

R. Because the Rosh doesn’t have vessels of reception, there’s no reception at all there, that’s why the Rosh isn’t annulled.

S. Is the second restriction, HaVaYaH, in the fulfillment of Alephin?

R. [Rav repeats word]

S. [Student confirms]

R. Yes.

21.S. (50:40) If you elaborate, what is the meaning of the lower Hei being concealed?

R. That it’s not being used right now, but it’s there, just not being used.

22. S. (51:00) If you can explain, when we were in the preparation for the spirituality, is it possible that in the ten we're going to stages where we have to restrict the bestowal in order to bestow? R. Again?

S. When we are in the preparation for spirituality is it possible for the ten to go through steps where we have to restrict the bestowal in order to bestow?

R. No, in preparation, no.

23. S. (51:34) Is the posterior of the upper one vessels of reception or reception?

R. The posteriors of the upper one are vessels of reception but it’s restricted in order to connect to the lower ones.

24. S. (51:51) Do the records, the Reshimot, affect the restriction?

R. Where does he take that, I don't know, “the records affect the restriction,” where does that happen, where do you think that, I don't understand what he’s asking.

S. We said that when the Reshimot, the records, rise above, AB cancels the second restriction, I think that’s what the question is about, because the record rose and it’s as if it cancels the restriction.

R. Where does that happen?

S. What did we say, we said when Dalet Gimmel rises to the Rosh of SAG, then AB comes to it and it doesn't depend on the second restriction, I think this is what this question is.

25. S. (53:06) The entire work of the corrections happens in the Partzufim, and after the restrictions, where does the surrounding light go to, how does that happen, what happens to the surrounding light?

R. The surrounding light existed around the Partzuf as surrounding, without it the Partzufim, themselves, can’t exist.

S. It’s outside the system?

R. No, it seems to us that it’s outside the system but it's in the system only it’s called surrounding light.

S. And don't the Partzufim feel the pressure of the surrounding light?

R. They all feel it, we learn about that, that the Partzufim feel pressure from the surrounding light and this is why specifically they change and advance.

26. S. (54:35) We’d like to update you about the upcoming Asian Congress. The name of the Congress is, Everything is Attained Through Prayer, it will take place on the first and second of July and we all feel how Rabash articles prepare us. How gradually an atmosphere is created of the search for this place of prayer between us.

https://kabbalahmedia.info/en/lessons/cu/yRUoV8W0

Kabbalah Media

Kabbalah Media

My LibrarySign in to like, save and subscribe to videos

Tägliche Lektion26 de abr. de 2020(Morning)Vorbereitung auf die Lektion

Vorbereitung auf die Lektion

Vorbereitung auf die Lektion

Kabbalah MediaCopyright © 2003-2026 Bnei Baruch - Kabbala La Am Association, Alle Rechte vorbehalten

My Library
Sign in to like, save and subscribe to videos

Tägliche Lektion26 de abr. de 2020(Morning)
Vorbereitung auf die Lektion

Kabbalah Media
Copyright © 2003-2026 Bnei Baruch - Kabbala La Am Association, Alle Rechte vorbehalten